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The Breguet 19 was designed as a successor to a highly-successful World War I light bomber, the Breguet 14. Initially it was designed to be powered with two Bugatti engines, driving one four-bladed propeller, and such a prototype was shown on the 7th Paris Air Show in November, 1921. A new design was flown in March, 1922, featuring a conventional layout with a single 450 hp Renault 12Kb inline engine. The aircraft was built in a biplane planform, with shorter lower wings. After trials, the Breguet 19 was ordered by the French Air Force in September 1923.
The first eleven Breguet 19 prototypes were powered by a number of different engines. A "trademark" of Breguet was the wide usage of duralumin as a construction material, instead of steel or wood. At that time, the aircraft was faster than other bombers, and even some fighter aircraft. Therefore, it met with a huge interest in the world, strengthened by its sporting successes. Mass production, for the French Air Force and export, started in France in 1924.
The Br 19 was a biplane (sesquiplane), conventional in layout, with braced wings. The fuselage, ellipsoid in cross-section, was a frame of duralumin pipes. The front part was covered with duralumin sheets, the tail with canvas. The wings were canvas covered. It had a conventional fixed landing gear, with rear skid. The crew of two, pilot and observer/bombardier, sat in tandem in open cockpits, with dual controls.
There were used many different engines fitted, mostly water cooled 12-cylinder inline engines :
* Renault 12Kb (450 hp), 12Kd (480 hp) - V12
* Lorraine-Dietrich 12Db (400 hp) - V12
* Lorraine-Dietrich 12Eb (450 hp) - W12
* Hispano-Suiza 12Ha (450 hp), 12Hb (500 hp) - V12
* Farman 12W (500 hp).
* Gnome-Rhône 9Ab Jupiter (420 hp) (radial engine, in Yugoslav aircraft)
They carried 365 litres of fuel in a fuselage tank. The propeller was wood.
A fixed 7.7 mm Vickers machine gun with interrupter gear was operated by the pilot, while the observer had twin 7.7 mm Lewis machine guns. There was also a fourth machine gun, which could be fired by the observer downwards through an opening in a floor. According to some sources, the C2 and CN2 fighter variants were fitted with two pilot's machine guns. The bomber variant could carry up to 472 kg of bombs under the fuselage, or in a vertical bomb bay (small bombs up to 50 kg). The reconnaissance variant could carry twelve 10 kg bombs. The reconnaissance variant had a camera mounting, which was optional on the bomber variant. All variants had radio.
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